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For someone living with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), life can feel like everything is happening all at once. As Edward Hallowell, MD, reflects, ADHD is “like being super-charged all the time. You get one idea and you have to act on it, and then, what do you know, you’ve got another idea before you’ve finished up with the first one… all these invisible vectors are pulling you this way and that, which makes it really hard to stay on task.”

This pull to go in different directions can create a sense of inner turmoil or panic, making it hard to focus or prioritize. While a range of behavioral therapies and medications can help manage the disorder, cannabis has steadily received attention as an alternative treatment. Is there evidence that cannabis can ease or manage symptoms associated with the condition?

What is ADHD? 

ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder, and it’s the most commonly diagnosed childhood behavioral disorder. Although children can grow out of ADHD, the condition can persist into adulthood for one-third of those people.

The number of individuals diagnosed with the disorder has been rising rapidly in recent decades. In the 1980s, one in 20 US children was diagnosed with ADHD. Nowadays, that number is roughly one in nine. Adult rates of ADHD have also risen by 123% between 2007 and 2016. Approximately 2.58% of adults have ADHD. 

ADHD is diagnosed by the presence of symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity or impulsivity.

The diagnosis process for adults and adolescents 17 and over is slightly different from that of children, but the symptoms that physicians check for remain the same:

• Not paying close attention to details or making careless mistakes in schoolwork, at work, or with other activities
• Difficulty in maintaining attention on tasks or play activities
• Not listening when being spoken to directly
• Not following through on instructions and failing to finish schoolwork, chores, or duties in the workplace 
• Difficulty in organizing tasks and activities
• A reluctance to engage in tasks that need focus over a period of time (like a long-term project)
• Losing things that are needed for tasks and activities, e.g., school materials, tools, paperwork, mobile telephones
• Getting distracted 
• Forgetting things 

Symptoms of hyperactivity and impulsivity can include:

• Fidgeting, tapping hands or feet
• Moving about or being restless in situations where it would be appropriate to sit still
• Difficulty in playing or taking part in activities quietly
• Excessive talking
• Blurting out an answer before a question has been asked
• Finding it hard to wait in queues or wait for one’s turn
• Interrupting or intruding (for example, butting into conversations or games)

However, individuals living with ADHD often emphasize that the disorder isn’t just a collection of symptoms. Instead, it can also be a unique way of experiencing life. While ADHD presents distinct challenges, some diagnosed with the disorder believe it to have special benefits, such as boundless energy, creativity, and an interest in diverse topics.

Why do people with ADHD use cannabis?

Doctors who diagnose ADHD generally prescribe behavioral therapy, medicine, or both. Treatment can include stimulants, such as Adderall and Ritalin, or non-stimulants, like Clonidine or Guanfacine. Stimulants are usually prescribed first, and if they don’t work, then non-stimulants may be tried.

However, for some parents of children with ADHD (and some adults), this treatment approach doesn’t produce the desired results—or can cause unwanted side effects. 

For example, in one study, 21% of parents ceased giving ADHD medication to their children because of psychological side effects or the perception that the medicine wasn’t working. Behavioral therapy can also be limited in its results as it doesn’t change the symptoms of ADHD, but teaches skills to manage the condition more easily. What’s more, both treatment approaches can be costly.

Instead of these conventional medications, increasing numbers of individuals choose to self-medicate with cannabis. Unfortunately, research into cannabis as a treatment for ADHD is scarce. There’s currently no robust clinical data that clearly supports the idea that cannabis is therapeutic for ADHD. However, an absence of clinical data doesn’t necessarily mean it doesn’t help.

Case studies, surveys, and anecdotal reports often suggest that cannabis can help support sleep, focus, anxiety, or slowing thoughts. 

For example, a study of 401 online forum threads about ADHD and cannabis found that 25% (99 posts) of contributors felt that cannabis improved ADHD or its symptoms. In contrast, 8% found that it was harmful (31 posts). Five percent believed that it was both therapeutic and detrimental (19 posts), and 2% shared that it didn’t affect their condition. 

A 2022 case study reported that three adult men who added cannabis to their treatment regimen found it offered diverse therapeutic benefits. Scores on attentiveness rose by up to 30%. Two of the men also shared that they were able to improve their performance in their job and take on more responsibility. 

Also in the study, depression improved by up to 81%, anxiety scores lifted by up to 33%, emotional regulation scores elevated up to 78%. The men varied in the type of cannabis they used: one preferred high-THC low-CBD, and another preferred low-THC and high-CBD. 

How can different cannabinoids and terpenes affect ADHD?

New research hints that different cannabinoids, or combinations of cannabinoids and terpenes, may offer therapeutic benefits to individuals with ADHD. These findings suggest that using cannabis to treat ADHD symptoms is nuanced. 

A combination of THC and CBD

In one of the only randomized clinical trials using cannabis for adults with ADHD, researchers gave participants Sativex spray, a pharmaceutical form of cannabis that contains equal parts THC and CBD, for six weeks. Researchers measured two outcomes: The primary outcome focused on cognitive performance and activity during a 20-minute task; the secondary outcome included hyperactivity, inhibition, and attentiveness. 

Researchers discovered that the spray didn’t negatively affect participants’ cognitive performance. Sativex did lead to an improvement, however, in the secondary outcomes, with a reduction in hyperactivity, feeling better equipped to inhibit behavior, ability to regulate emotion more easily, and more attentiveness. The researchers suggested that these improvements could be because both THC and CBD can alleviate anxiety. 

A study of children in Israel also found that a combination of high CBD and low THC (in a ratio of 20:1) helped manage hyperactivity, insomnia, and anxiety. While this study focused on 53 children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), the disorder shares major symptoms with ADHD, such as trouble focusing, impulsivity, insomnia, and hyperactivity. Between 50-70% of individuals with ASD are also diagnosed with ADHD. Some experts believe ADHD and ASD both fall on the same continuum.

The researchers found that 68.4% of the children experienced an improvement in hyperactivity symptoms, 71.4% began sleeping better, and 47.1% had a reduction in anxiety symptoms. However, for a small percentage of the children, these symptoms worsened.

CBD (cannabidiol)

In a 2020 systematic review, researchers awarded CBD a “Grade B” recommendation to support its use in treating symptoms associated with ADHD, meaning there’s a moderate level of evidence to support its use. 

A clinical trial exploring the use of CBD-rich oil for ADHD is also currently underway. According to the research proposal, the study aims to uncover more about how the cannabinoid affects ADHD symptoms, stating that “data on the effects of cannabidiol rich cannabis extract use for ADHD seems promising but is still limited.”

CBN (cannabinol)

CBN has also shown promise in the treatment of ADHD. In one creative study, individuals with ADHD who consumed cannabis with high concentrations of CBN experienced a reduction in self-reported symptoms, however, the study didn’t specifically explain which symptoms improved.

Terpenes

In the above study, researchers also found that higher doses of whole-plant cannabis—cannabis containing a range of cannabinoids and terpenes—were associated with patients decreasing their ADHD medicine. 

The study didn’t share any firm findings about which terpenes appeared the most beneficial for ADHD symptoms. However, the researchers emphasized that terpenes and cannabinoids work together synergistically in complex ways—a phenomenon known as the entourage effect—and that there was still much to learn about how these combinations affect ADHD. For example, specific combinations of terpenes and cannabinoids may help to promote focus or calm the mind. 

What are the risks of using cannabis to treat ADHD? 

Since there’s a lack of research into cannabis and ADHD, it follows that there’s also little robust data about risks. That being said, some studies have explored the connections between cannabis, ADHD, executive function, and addiction. 

Executive function

In a study exploring the effects of ADHD and cannabis use on executive function, researchers found no evidence that cannabis caused detrimental effects to individuals with ADHD. Executive function includes the ability to regulate emotions, remember things you’ve just been told, and practice self-control. However, those who started using cannabis before 16 had poorer performance than those who used cannabis in later years.

Addiction/cannabis use disorder

There’s also a correlation between ADHD and cannabis use disorder. For example, research into young adults with ADHD suggests that the condition is linked to a higher prevalence of cannabis addiction. In a Canadian survey of 6872 respondents aged 20-39, individuals with ADHD were 1.5 times more likely to have cannabis use disorder. 

However, individuals with ADHD are significantly more likely to have a substance use disorder in general, such as alcoholism. It’s not that cannabis is particularly addictive for individuals with ADHD, rather, there’s a possibility of developing an addiction to any substance that can manage mood, help with sleep, or work as a form of self-medication.

Emma Stone

Emma Stone is a journalist based in New Zealand specializing in cannabis, health, and well-being. She has a Ph.D. in sociology and has worked as a researcher and lecturer, but loves being a writer most of all. She would happily spend her days writing, reading, wandering outdoors, eating and swimming.

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Illinois cannabis consumers may have noticed that social equity retailers were terribly hard to find.

The Illinois cannabis market is set to expand with the release of 185 new retail licenses for social equity applicants. On Friday, May 27, Cook County Circuit Judge Michael Mullen ended a court-ordered stay on licenses that had stalled the opening of all new stores for nearly a year.

The earlier stay, ordered last August by Cook County Judge Moshe Jacobius, put social equity licenses on ice while other Illinois applicants argued over their eligibility for social equity status in court. The stay allowed 55 non-social equity cannabis stores to open for business, while social equity applicants were forced to survive without any revenue for the past 10 months.

The social equity slowdown in Illinois cannabis retail

Illinois started out with a bang in the adult-use market, bringing in millions in sales from both local residents and visitors from neighboring states since the market opened on January 1.

When the adult-use program began, state officials had earlier announced an ambitious slate of goals for integrating social equity into the Illinois cannabis industry – and have struggled toward those goals with varying degrees of success.

Governor J.B. Pritzker delivered on his promise to  introduce more cannabis justice into the state, by expunging nearly half a million cannabis convictions. And licenses for processing and growing have rolled out in a smooth and inclusive fashion. In fact, of the 40 conditional licensees awarded for craft growers in Illinois, 80% of owners identify as nonwhite, and 88% qualified as social equity applicants. Illinois also set up a $30 million fund to help social equity licensees.

But that success did not carry over into the retail licensing program.

How social equity retail licenses will (and have) shaped the Illinois market

With the addition of 185 new retail businesses, the Illinois market is set to expand by more than 160%. That’s expected to open up new market dynamics.

Illinois cannabis consumers will have more locations to shop, along with the option for a more meaningful shopping experience knowing that they are supporting a social equity retailer. This could translate to their cannabis spending. For example, this report shows that socially responsible consumer spending increased by 25% in 2021 – highlighting the unique patterns of a more conscious consumer.

Socially conscious cannabis consumers in Illinois have so far been denied the opportunity to support social equity retailers with their money. Once this new wave of retail licensees start opening stores, customers will finally have the opportunity to pivot their spending if they so choose.

What we don’t know is when the 185 social equity licensees will get the final all-clear. While the stay is currently lifted, there’s no guarantee that other businesses that didn’t qualify for the state’s equity program won’t bring further lawsuits.

Many prospective business owners—both equity and non-equity applicants—still have a sour taste in their mouths over the way the state initially evaluated their applications. Their criticisms brought the Illinois Department of Financial and Professional Regulation under scrutiny, and they demanded corrective action.

In response, the state has created three more licensing lotteries planned for summer 2022 to make up for their failed licensing launch.

Will Illinois social equity retailers finally get their time to shine?

Licensees who were able to ride out the wait are overdue for their piece of the state’s multi-million dollar legal cannabis industry. In the meantime, the budding business owners who didn’t have the hundreds of thousands of dollars it took to maintain their inactive storefronts are the biggest victims of the social equity slowdown in Illinois.

The longer it takes to sort it out, the longer Illinois cannabis consumers who care about supporting minority-owned cannabis businesses may stay out of the legal market altogether.

Janessa Bailey

Janessa was born and raised in the Midwest, and serves as Leafly’s current culture editor. She has a background in content, activism, and African-American Studies.

Janessa is the creator of Lumen and Seeds of Change.

View Janessa Bailey’s articles

Happy June and welcome to Gemini season, Stargazers! We’re changing plans, going with the flow, and treating our problems like a fun breakout room puzzle that needs to be solved.

Warm, clear summer nights are here — the perfect occasion to ponder the stars, life, the meaning of the universe. Unless that sort of thing makes you break out into a cold sweat, in which case just stick to enjoying the stars.

The month starts off with a blessed occasion, Mercury returns to direct motion in Taurus on June 3. Can you feel the balance returning to your weary soul? Good. The month continues on with the Summer Solstice on June 21, and a new moon in Cancer on June 28.

Get ready for some zany adventures, and remember to never let anyone dull your shine, Zodiac Babes. After all, you’re a one-of-a-kind collection of stardust that had the power to emerge from the great void.

Sit back, order some delivery and remember who the hell you are.

Your June horoscope

Gemini

Happy Birthday, you Gorgeous Gems! This is your month to do absolutely zero people pleasing. You are under no obligation to make anyone other than yourself a priority this June (unless you are literally in charge of keeping pets or babies alive, be sure to make space for that). On June 3, Mercury goes direct and we can all lower our shoulders and take a beat to reflect.

This is especially important for you, a sign ruled by Mercury. If your home looks like it was hit by gale-force winds, take some time to make it habitable for yourself. If your personal life is in equally dire straits after that retrograde, make time to journal and rebuild any important bonds that might have gotten a little frayed at the edges.

The Summer Solstice on June 21 will bring warm summer nights and plenty of chances to do some star-gazing. There is a new moon in Cancer on June 28. A moonless sky is the perfect reflecting surface. If you look into it hard enough, you might be able to reveal what you really want for yourself in this next year of life. Be gentle with yourself, but more importantly — let loose! You earned your time to dance.

June strain: You’re standing on the launch pad this month, get ready for the count down to your next adventure. Space Queen is a hybrid strain that’s loved for its sweet, vanilla aroma and users report that it’s a great strain if you’re looking for a mood boost or to forget a stressful day at work.

Cancer

Ah, June! Crabs almost always feel good in the sun (even goth Crabs — admit it). This month will have a lot of sunshine, both real and metaphorical, to go around. On June 3, Mercury returns to direct motion. Breaking that retrograde spell is going to feel so good.

On June 4, however, Saturn goes retrograde in Aquarius. This backwards dance will last a few months, so buckle in and get ready to say “No” a lot. “No” to wasted energy, “no” to people who abuse your kindness. In better news, your ruler, the moon, will be full in Sagittarius on June 14. This is a pairing that encourages us to be playful and warm with those we love.

On June 28, there is a new moon in your sign. Take time to appreciate the blank canvas this presents. If it’s in your control and you want to change it, change it!

June strain: The planets are aligning in your favor this month, crabs. Planet X is an indica strain that was made for days spent melting into the couch or passing a joint around with friends.

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Leo

Summer was made for Leos and Leos were made for summer. June will be no exception for you, Lions. Mercury ends its retrograde in pragmatic Taurus on June 3. Friends’ feelings and intentions will begin to align again. On June 4, Saturn goes retrograde in Aquarius. This change will last several months so be prepared to protect your energy and your time.

On June 21, we celebrate perhaps the holiest day of the year for Leos, the Summer Solstice. Be sure to carve out some space to celebrate the glorious sunbeam that you are. Let people know your worth. June 28, there is a new moon in Cancer. Use the energy this produces on creating a routine that is sustainable for you and will make life easier. You’ll be shining bright this month and the right people will notice.

June strain: People will be able to see your sparkle from outer space this month. Spark up some Space Dawg to really get the effect of being weightless in zero gravity. With a modest 18-19% THC, this is a great indica strain to smoke when you need a help settling in for an afternoon nap.

Virgo

Happy June, Virgo! Look at the life you’ve carved out in the last year. Even with so much stacked against you, you keep showing up in your life and that’s worthy of celebration.

First, in the good news department, your ruler — Mercury — goes direct again on June 3. Finally, you can start looking forward and catch your breath. On June 13, Mercury enters Gemini. This will stir up a lot of Air sign energy in your life that can be both fun-chaotic and nerve-wracking. Earth signs can struggle with so much uncertainty, but you just might have the energy to embrace it this month.

On June 28, there is a new moon in Cancer. This is a great time to set goals and expectations for yourself in the coming season. Make a list of places you would like to see and people you want to connect with this summer. Then, go out there and make it happen.

June strain: What’s sweet and out of this world? You, of course. Oh, and Planet of the Grapes. This is a hybrid strain known for its incredibly sweet flavor and delicious smell. Users love this bud for its groovy, cerebral effects.

Libra

Ah, fair Libra. You’ve got a happy, balanced month ahead. Given that you’re the Scales zodiac, what more could you ask for? Mercury returns to direct motion on June 3. Finally, some emotional regulation will return to your innermost circle. On June 4, Saturn goes retrograde in fellow Air sign, Aquarius. Be ready to have your boundaries tested. Remember, you don’t have to receive any energy that you deem unhelpful.

On June 21, we celebrate the Summer Solstice, and on June 22 your ruler — Venus — enters Gemini. Flirty Gemini offers a great chance to spice up your love life. Do something your partner wouldn’t expect. On June 28, there is a new moon in Cancer. Time to set those goals and make sure you have the tools you need to succeed.

June strain: Do you think aliens celebrate birthdays? Something for your brilliant Libra brain to ponder this month. Get some help opening your mind by sparking up some Space Cake. This is a hybrid strain that users love for both its taste and its heavy, hard-hitting effects between the eyes.

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Scorpio

Happy Summer Solstice Month, Scorpios! As we enter deep into the warm season, you will have plenty of reasons to step into the sunlight this June. On June 3, Mercury returns direct in self-assured Taurus. If you’ve been trying to suppress a gut feeling about someone, cut that out. Listen to yourself and trust your intuition as any good Bull would do.

On June 13, Mercury enters Gemini. Funny, spicy Gemini could once again cause some emotional chaos in your inner circle, but this shouldn’t last long. On June 22, Venus also enters Gemini but with much better results. This pairing should spice up your romantic entanglements during the third week of the month. Do something unexpected for your partner and reignite that flame. There is a new moon in Cancer on June 28. This is a time for setting goals and making summer plans with friends. You have a busy but happy month ahead, Scorpios!

June strain: This month will be one small step for Scorpio and one giant leap for Scorpio-kind. Celebrate with Moon Cookies. This strain has 20% THC, which means you won’t want to be giving a presentation to the executive board after smoking a joint rolled with this stuff. Plan to get very familiar with your couch cushions.

Sagittarius

Sweet Sagittariuses! You have made it to the month of the Summer Solstice (June 21). As your heart thaws out in the gorgeous summer sun, remember that you shine year round for those who love you. On June 3, Mercury returns to direct motion in confident Taurus. Make that move you’ve been dying to make, now is your moment.

On June 4, Saturn goes retrograde in Aquarius. This is a little chaotic. It might be best to tuck into yourself for the first few days of the month. Do your meditation practice or some journaling to get centered before you deal with the more difficult people in your life. Your ruler, Jupiter, is in direct motion this month. Business should be stable and so should finances. Maybe treat yourself to a little something nice to celebrate the changing of the seasons.

The month rounds out with a new moon in Cancer on June 28. This is your chance to do some long-range planning — particularly if you’ve been eyeing a trip somewhere.

June strain: You’ll find a comfortable orbit this month, Sag. Be prepared with some Full Moon. This is a tropical sativa that offers up a very trippy experience. Expect effects that hit hard and fast between the eyes. Most users love the strain specifically for this reason, but new users might be intimidated by it, so your mileage may vary.

Capricorn

Happy Summer Solstice (June 21), Capricorns! You Earth-bound babes will be feeling a gravitational pull towards bigger things this month. On June 3, Mercury returns to direct motion in bold Taurus. Call out what doesn’t sit right with you this month. Someone will be deeply grateful you did.

On June 4, your ruler Saturn goes retrograde in Aquarius. Don’t let anyone push you around this week — trust that people will try you. On June 13, Mercury enters Gemini to add just a bit of spice to everything. Some of this will be the fun kind of chaos, especially if you learn to embrace it. You might even learn something new about your friends if you sit back and watch the show.

There is a full moon in Sagittarius on June 14. Cook a nice dinner and admire that big beautiful moon from your front yard. Appreciating the little things this month will take you far.

June strain: What’s sweet and a little out there (in the best way possible)? You, Capricorns! Well, you and Space Cookies. This is a hybrid strain that is well known by seasoned users for its extra potent effects. Don’t be surprised if you temporarily leave earth after packing a bowl of this stuff.

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Aquarius

Happy June, Aquarius! The year is flying by but you’re adept at catching the small moments that make up a big, beautiful life. Keep up that energy this month and it will be a good one. On June 3, Mercury returns to direct motion in confident Taurus. Capitalize on this Bull energy to get something you’ve wanted at work or in your personal relationships. Don’t hold back.

On June 14, there is a full moon in Sagittarius. Do something wild like dance under the full moon. Learn to surprise yourself. On June 28, there is a new moon in Cancer.

Call up an old friend and ask them if they want to do a day trip somewhere. Maybe hit the beach or another close body of water. You could use a refreshing dip, both literally and metaphorically.

June strain: You are a bright spot in the galaxy, Aquarius. Smoke up some Star Killer to honor your celestial spirit. This is an indica-dominant strain that users love for its careful mix of body effects and cerebral highs. This is a great strain for a summer day spent in the park or at the beach.

Pisces

Happy Summer Solstice (June 21), Pisces! You’ll really come into your own this month. On June 3, Mercury returns to direct motion in Taurus. Leverage this Bull energy to get something you’ve desperately needed in your personal relationships.

On June 4, Saturn goes retrograde in Aquarius. This is the perfect time to solidify what you expect from your friends. Don’t settle for people that make you feel like garbage. On June 14, there is a full moon in Sagittarius. Get a little wild. Wear something weird. Embrace the chaos of the cosmos in any way you can. Your ruler, Neptune, goes retrograde on June 28. This might feel a little like taking a cold shower. Be prepared for some harsh truths about yourself to surface.

It’s all going to be for the better, Pisces. Take it one day at a time and pretty soon you’ll realize you’ve built an incredible year for yourself.

June strain: You’re a wonderful little collection of stardust, Pisces. Own that truth and spark up some Outer Space. This sativa strain is popular amongst casual and heavy users alike. Users love to smoke this bud when they need a creative boost.

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Aries

Rams operate by their own set of rules, it’s true. This month will require you to become more of a team player. In other words, embrace your inner Gemini. On June 3, Mercury goes direct in Taurus.

Mercury sorting herself out (and moving in direct motion) in the balance and pragmatic Taurus will expedite our collective return to stasis. Whatever petty drama that came out of the retrograde can officially be dropped. Start with a fresh slate. Your ruler, Mars, is also in direct motion this month so finances and business are looking stable for the month of June.

Look to the full moon in Sagittarius on June 14 as an opportunity to let loose and explore your silly side. The Summer Solstice is on June 21. Listen, you don’t need an excuse to manage a social event but this is your opportunity to shine! Get the whole team together for a game of frisbee in the park. Bonding in the sunshine will be healing for your soul. 

June strain: Tune in, space out, do your own thing this month. Space Jill is a great little sativa treat to take with you to the park or just to smoke on the couch while you’re waiting for your food order to arrive. This bud is sativa-dominant, so expect a cerebral experience mixed with some stress-busting effects that users love.

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Taurus

Bulls, Bulls, Bulls. Are you ready for a month of uncertainty? That makes it sound worse than it actually is. Truthfully, this month will test you with all the air sign/Gemini vibes floating around. Bulls don’t typically do well with hypotheticals or changing itineraries. So, your challenge this month is to remember that only you can control your energy. Spend it wisely.

Your ruler, Venus, is in direct motion all month. Love and romance will be stable, if not a little uninspired. That’s okay! This is a month to focus on your own struggles. On June 3, Mercury returns to direct motion in your sign. Emotional regulation! Phew. It was sorely needed. On June 14, there is a full moon in Sagittarius. Prioritize fun. Make up a new drink recipe, try a new strain of bud, or invite some friends over for a game night.

On June 21, we celebrate the Summer Solstice. Soak up the sun and honor the return of warm days by spending as much time as you can in nature. Finally, there is a new moon in Cancer on June 28. In the dwindling days of June, prioritize building bridges. Reach out to that friend who has been a little quiet lately. There’s someone in your life that would benefit from your company. 

June strain: Time to launch into your own orbit. 10th Planet is a hybrid strain that medical users love for its pain-busting and appetite-stimulating effects. It’s a calyx-heavy strain that tastes and smells of grape. All you have to is lay back and enjoy the buzz.

Check out last month’s horoscopes.

Maeva Considine

Maeva Considine is an award-winning journalist and author of “Cat Zodiac: An Astrological Guide to the Feline Mystique.” She’s a Taurus who loves traveling, canceling plans, and dessert. She lives in Syracuse, New York.

View Maeva Considine’s articles

Ready to elevate your time in Vacationland? Grab a lobster bisque and tuck into our list of Maine’s top pot shops.

Beloved for its ragged coastlines and scrumptious seafood, Maine is an East Coast slice of paradise. On the topic of cannabis, however, the constituents of this sometimes sleepy state were among the first to act.

In 1976, Maine decriminalized the possession of small amounts of cannabis, becoming only the third state to take such an action. Unfortunately, it would take another 22 years before voters would legalize medical marijuana in 1999.

Finally, in 2016, voters passed the Act to Legalize Marijuana, which the state legislature affirmed as law two years later. After much delay, Maine dispensaries were finally allowed to commence with selling recreational cannabis products on October 9, 2020.

Highest rated recreational dispensaries in Maine

When you think about it, how could a place known as the Pine Tree State not have a surplus of amazing recreational dispensaries? Fortunately, Maine lives up to the hype with an enviable roster of high-quality pot shops ready to welcome you through their doors!

To help us narrow down the field, we turned to reviews from Leafly users to find the cream of the crop. Without further ado, here are your picks for the best recreational dispensaries in Maine.

327 John St., Portland — Recreational
⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ 5 star rating out of 7 dispensary reviews

Portland’s Rose Mary Jane has a sterling reputation as the place to go if you’re seeking compassion and quality cannabis. Conveniently located in downtown Portland, the focus at RMJ’s flagship outpost never wanders from uplifting social equity at every opportunity. That means ongoing partnerships with organizations like the Last Prisoner Project and the Women’s Prison Association.

It also equates to a customer experience that Leafly users love. From friendly budtenders who take the time to find you the perfect product to display cases that actually allow for customers to get a good look at their would-be purchases, it’s a veritable avalanche of praise when it comes to the reviews for RMJ.

“Love this dispensary!” reads a five-star recap from one effusive Leafly user. “I’ve been shopping at Rose Mary Jane since it opened, and the staff are always very positive, helpful, knowledgeable, and friendly!”

1150B Center St., Auburn — Recreational
⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ 4.7 star rating out of 29 dispensary reviews

If you like talking to the people who grow your cannabis, hit up the Haven. That’s Auburn’s Cannabis Haven, to be clear, where medical patients and adult-use customers alike are now both welcome to hang.

With multiple cultivation sites to their name, Cannabis Haven is really more akin to a kingdom filled with cured flower marvels. What’s more, the folks behind the counter are consistently awesome as well.

“Everybody is so nice and helpful,” wrote one Leafly user. Observed another: “Every time I visit, I’m met with kindness and so much knowledge.”

“Friendly staff that were well educated and could answer my questions,” confirmed a third Leafly user. “I’ll definitely be going back!”

160 ME-236, Berwick — Recreational
⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ 4.9 star rating out of 6 dispensary reviews

Looking for good buds in Berwick? That’s where Silver Therapeutics comes in. Perched on the border of Maine and New Hampshire, this popular pitstop destination regularly welcomes customers visiting from neighboring states.

And though they can’t help with the cost of gas, Silver Therapeutics does their best to ease the blow with a regular rotation of dank deals.

“My boyfriend and I are regulars here,” begins one Leafly user’s five-star review of the shop. “We come here pretty much every week/weekend. They have a rewards program, and on top of that, they have deals every day! Never had a bad experience here. Every worker here is amazing. It’s always a joy to come in and be recognized!”

468 Portland St., Berwick — Recreational
⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ 5 star rating out of 12 dispensary reviews

If you want something done right, you should probably just do it yourself. For Herbals Pathways in Berwick, that philosophy translates to an operation that includes a cultivation facility, a nursery, and retail locations in both Maine and Massachusetts.

Founded in 2018 by Kenneth and Debra Crowley, the family-owned feel at Herbal Pathways carries over to the personal, caring attention customers can expect to receive every time they step inside. In giving Herbal Pathways a five-star review, one Leafly user chose to highlight the store’s “unbelievable product and even better customer service.”

“Great selection, friendly customer service, and great prices,” summarized another Leafly reviewer. “I will be back often.”

Highest rated medical dispensaries in Maine

A proper retelling of Maine’s path to approving medical marijuana is an affair deserving of many paragraphs, but the short version is that a shifting legal landscape has resulted in the state overseeing several overlapping licensing mechanisms. This means that potential customers and qualified patients alike should always confirm a dispensary’s current license status before preparing to fill a cart with goodies.

Now let’s put the roof down, hit the coastline, and take a drive past Maine’s best medical dispensaries!

21 Winslow Mills Rd., Waldoboro — Medical
⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ 5 star rating out of 251 dispensary reviews

Reputed as one of the largest locally-owned and operated cannabis companies in all of Maine, Highbrow presently has five locations across the state. That includes their Waldoboro store, which first opened back in 2017. Self-glossed as “a classy joint,” Highbrow’s concept fuses a glass gallery with access to on-site medical cannabis caregivers.

Not only does Highbrow produce all their own cannabis and CBD products — they also provide a level of customer care that’s made fans for life out of numerous Leafly users.

“Can’t speak highly enough about Highbrow in Waldoboro,” begins a recent five-star review posted to Leafly. “Despite there being other options closer to home, I go out of my way to shop there. They are so friendly and go above and beyond. Their 100% satisfaction guarantee policy is awesome and so are the promotions and perks they offer.”

1967 Lisbon Rd., Lewiston — Medical
⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ 4.9 star rating out of 216 dispensary reviews

Locally owned and operated, Leafly users love Central Maine Flower for its relaxing atmosphere and exceptional menu. Located in Lewiston, the curated selection at this medical-only dispensary includes premium flower, pre-rolls, and vape carts, as well as a bounty of CBD products.

In a recent five-star review, one Leafly user shared that that they had been to “several dispensaries over the past year” but found it was CMF that ultimately had “the highest quality flower and prerolls.”

“I cannot express how much I love this dispensary,” wrote another user. “Today, my husband went in for the first time ever. The budtender knew me by name and knew my favorite products off the top of her head. Thank you for being so unbelievably amazing!”

9693 Western Ave., Manchester — Medical
⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ 4.7 star rating out of 86 dispensary reviews

If the prospect of a farm-to-table cannabis experience sounds like your kind of meal, come feast at Manchester’s Earthly Delights of Maine.

At this self-described “medical cannabis boutique,” you’ll find an expansive variety of homegrown strains to choose from. Better yet, pick your flower and then watch as a budtender selects and weighs your purchase by hand — before your very eyes!

It’s all the part of the “no surprises” promise Earthly Delights pledges to every patient. Other things you can safely expect, per Leafly user reviews, include quality products and prices in addition to a welcoming atmosphere. But above all else, it’s the people that seem to really set this Manchester gem apart.

“Freaking love love love the crew at Earthly,” one user wrote.

“Absolutely spectacular in every way,” enthused another. “Definitely an establishment everyone should visit!”

728 Maine St., Richmond — Medical
⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ 4.9 star rating out of 23 dispensary reviews

Friend Jen & Co is Richmond’s premiere woman-owned, family operated medical cannabis dispensary. The perks of paying a visit to this well-loved spot include ordering from a menu packed with products featuring Friend Jen & Co’s clean, quality, in-house flower as well as access to a VIP rewards program.

“The employees are always kind and able to answer any questions about their products,” one Leafly user shared in their five-star review of the store. “They also have some of the highest quality product I have had in the local area.”

“It has a nice atmosphere on the inside and outside,” wrote another user. “Flower and concentrates I got were both amazing. Staff was also very informed and knew what I was looking for. Great place!”

Selection Criteria for Leafly List

To calculate the highest-rated dispensaries in Maine, our Leafly List team uses a methodology based on quantitative and qualitative review data of dispensaries listed on Leafly, as well as other quality indicators, like reorder rates and deals availability (in markets where discounts are legal). Our teams are dedicated to showcasing a wide variety of highly-rated medical and recreational dispensaries.

Remember, if you don’t see your favorite dispensary on the list, make sure you follow, rate, and review your favorite cannabis locations to let the world know where you find your favorite cannabis.

Zack Ruskin

Zack Ruskin is a freelance cannabis and culture reporter. His other bylines include the San Francisco Chronicle, The Nib, Vanity Fair, California Leaf Magazine and Variety. Follow him on Twitter: @zackruskin.

View Zack Ruskin’s articles

Cacti abound but when it comes to quality cannabis dispensaries, Arizona is anything but a desert.

Mention Arizona to someone and their thoughts will likely turn to heat. That makes sense, given the Copper State’s vast desert landscapes and famed reputation as the home of the Grand Canyon. But high temperatures are no longer the only heat to be found in spots like Phoenix, Mesa, and Tempe. To learn more, all it takes is a visit to one of Arizona’s top dispensaries.

To say the road to get to this moment was rough would be an understatement. Though Arizonians first began to cast ballots on legislation to approve medical cannabis back in 1996, the first iteration they approved — Proposition 200 — failed to survive legal scrutiny.

Ultimately, it would take until 2010, when Proposition 203 managed to squeak through with 50.1% of the vote. From there, a lawsuit in federal court further delayed the opening of the state’s first medical dispensaries, which finally took place in December 2012.

Highest rated recreational dispensaries in Arizona

In 2020, Arizona voters likewise approved the Smart and Safe Act, legalizing the possession and cultivation of cannabis for adults. By January 2021, recreational sales had begun. At present, there are approximately 125 dispensaries operating across the state but expect that number to grow in the months ahead.

To help you find the ideal shop for your medical or recreational needs, we turned to Leafly user reviews to aggregate a list of top dispensaries. Here’s what our users chose as the best pot shops in Arizona!

4126 Indian School Rd., Phoenix — Recreational
⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ 4.7 star rating out of 9744 dispensary reviews

If you’re rolling through Phoenix and in need of top-quality flower, the oasis you seek is Herbal Wellness Center. Now blessed with bragging rights as Leafly users’ pick for best recreational dispensary in Arizona, this Valley staple is anchored by a seriously splendid strain selection.

Grown locally in Phoenix at HWC’s own 30,000 square foot, state-of-the-art cultivation center, the results are flower that have made their shop at must-hit for locals and visitors alike. Upon arriving, a tastefully decorated lobby area with plasma televisions and a medible vending machine set the tone for what Leafly users describe as an overall high-caliber experience.

“Great place, great environment, and great smoke!” wrote one user in a recent five-star review. Added another: “The selection is huge. They have something for any price point.”

1985 W. Apache Trail, Apache Junction — Recreational
⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ 4.6 star rating out of 1744 dispensary reviews

Nirvana Center marries a big vision with a personal touch. Currently operating ten dispensaries across Arizona, Michigan, and Maryland, they also have plans to open new shops in seven additional states.

But despite this large footprint, the family-owned and operated Nirvana Center makes good on their promise to deliver an experience of “tranquility and wellness” at each of their locations. Their Apache Junction outpost is no exception, offering deals like $99 ounces and 20% off on cartridges and pods every Friday.

Quality customer service is also on the menu, with one Leafly user sharing that they are a regular patron who had never had a bad experience at Nirvana Center. “Always a pleasure,” they added, rating the shop five stars.

“Love the deals they always offer,” shared another satisfied Leafly user. “Thanks, Nirvana, for saving me [moolah] and giving me wonderful products!”

1842 W. Broadway, Mesa — Recreational
⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ 4.5 star rating out of 2083 dispensary reviews

Once a destination for Mesa’s medical patients, the Good Dispensary now proudly offers adult-use sales as well. But this welcome new expansion hasn’t put a damper on the store’s long-standing commitment to patient care and great deals.

Leafly users are big fans of that latter point, with one praising the “great prices and super friendly staff” while another gave props to the “good prices and great customer service.” Keeping Mesa consumers’ wallets in mind, the Good offers different deals (Toasted Tuesday, Thirsty Thursday) for each day of the week.

“I always love going to the Good,” begins yet another five-star review. “They always have great prices and quality products and service!”

221 E. 6th St., Tucson — Recreational
⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ 4.7 star rating out of 1545 dispensary reviews

To find the Downtown Dispensary, simply head to the heart of Tuscon’s happening arts district. Convenient, right? Well that’s the point as the Downtown Dispensary is all about making their customers’ shopping experience as easy as possible.

In addition to the stellar location and on-site parking, Downtown Dispensary also makes ordering a breeze thanks to ten in-store ordering kiosks available for use by both medical and recreational customers. Taking residence in Tuscon’s historic Stonecypher Building — built all the way back in 1916 — Leafly users today sound positively pumped about this Tuscon linchpin.

“I love everything about this dispensary,” gushed a Leafly user in a five-star review.“It’s easy to order from Leafly and go pick it up. Orders are quickly prepared. They have all the products that I want, and the staff are friendly and knowledgeable. This place is my jam.”

5210 South Priest Dr., Tempe — Recreational
⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ 4.7 star rating out of 450 dispensary reviews

Easily accessible from the I-10 and 60 freeways, Tempe’s Mint Dispensary strives to offer the most extensive array of medicinal and recreational products under one roof in Arizona. Setting Mint apart for their competitors is also the fact that you can score fresh meals and assorted food items from within their dispensary.

In a rush? No problem — Mint Cannabis Tempe has a drive-thru too! Perhaps that’s why it’s no surprise that Leafly users are big fans of a shop that one reviewer called “the greatest in the Valley.”

“Not only are the budtenders extremely knowledgeable about their products,” noted a separate Leafly user, “but everyone is so nice and friendly! I always leave with a smile on my face.”

12338 East Riggs Rd., Chandler — Recreational
⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ 4.6 star rating out of 767 dispensary reviews

Self-described as a company “born in the Arizona sun,” Sticky Saguaro is a family-owned and operated business with deep roots in Chandler. Inspired by family and friends suffering from conditions ranging from Crohn’s disease to cancer to serious migraines, Sticky Saguaro was founded with a medicinally-driven focus that continues to this day.

Now offering both medical and recreational sales, one Leafly user hailed Sticky Saguaro as “a needed addition to the community” in a spirited five-star review of the shop. The good vibes extend to new customers too, as evidenced by this effusive feedback from a first-time visitor.

“I just had the most amazing experience ever at Sticky Saguaro in Chandler, AZ,” they wrote. “Thanks again! Service was amazing. Keep up the great work.”

Highest rated medical dispensaries in Arizona

Rules and regulations currently require dispensaries to be separately licensed for medical and recreational sales. Though many shops are now proudly dual-licensed, some shops remain available only to valid medical patients. Don’t forget to double-check these details before catching a ride for a long-awaited shopping spree!

With that advice in mind, here are the Arizona medical dispensaries that Leafly users love best.

1250 S. Plaza Way, Flagstaff — Medical
⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ 4.8 star rating out of 1062 dispensary reviews

High Mountain Health prides itself as Flagstaff’s finest cannabis dispensary. Popular with Northern Arizona University students for its proximity to campus, the big draw with HMH is their deli-style flower and weekly specials. Even better, this former med-only operation is now licensed for recreational sales too!

Offering a menu infused with lots of locally grown strains. HMH has be keeping students and locals alike happy since 2013. With an emphasis on sustainable practices, reviews from Leafly users suggest there is a lot to love about this Flagstaff mainstay.

“The crew are spectacular in every way” reads one plaudit-filled, five-star review from a Leafly user. “They take care of me each time, even helping me with items I’d like to have from certain vendors. I refuse to go anywhere else.”

1613 N. 40th St., Phoenix — Medical
⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ 4.7 star rating out of 6661 dispensary reviews

TrueMed in Phoenix is an institution.

Offering sales for qualified medical patients only, this Sky Harbor Airport-adjacent dispensary is built to impress. Featuring, as one Leafly user ranked it, “some of the best wax and flower in Arizona,” TrueMed has a sterling national reputation earned from a commitment to treating every customer with the care and attention they deserve.

“Best in town,” stated a separate Leafly user is another five-star review. “Service is great, and the bud is excellent.”

“I’ve been going here for years,” shared a third, who then proclaimed TrueMed to be the “best dispensary” in Arizona.  Hard to argue with acclaim like that!

9240 W. Northern Ave., Glendale — Medical
⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ 4.8 star rating out of 4618 dispensary reviews

Glendale’s Ponderosa Dispensary is a West Valley gem flush with tasty, in-house flower strains and a deli-style presentation featuring glass jars with distinct copper lids. Hitch your post to the Pondy and gain access to their full line of CopperTop flower — exclusively grown by their cultivation division, Sonoran Roots.

Perhaps that’s why one Leafly user shared that Ponderosa Dispnesary is “pretty much the only place I buy flower from. Consistent quality, service, and pricing that, honestly, no other dispensary can touch.”

In another five-star review, a different user highlighted that the flower at Ponderosa Dispensary “straight smacks.” ‘Nuff said.

10040 N. Metro Pkwy, Phoenix — Medical
⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ 4.7 star rating out of 5610 dispensary reviews

As one of Arizona’s premier state-licensed medical cannabis dispensaries, JARS Cannabis of Phoenix upholds the same level of quality customers will find at the any of the brand’s numerous locations. At present, that includes almost twenty stores in Michigan alone as well as an emerging presence in Arizona.

Enter JARS Cannabis of Phoenix, which earned kudos from Leafly users for employing a winning strategy that pairs excellent customer service with consistently sweet deals.

“JARS and their staff are by far the best around,” confirmed one review, adding that the shop is “definitely the place to go for quality and service.”

“Fast lines, friendly and knowledgeable staff,” added another user who gave JARS five stars. “Good deals on flower!”

6844 E. Parkway Notre, Mesa — Medical
⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ 4.7 star rating out of 1306 dispensary reviews

Head over to TruBliss Organics in Mesa and they will have have you channeling their namesake mindset in no time. That’s because qualified medical customers making their inaugural visit get to choose from one of a wide list of free cannabis products. But the savings don’t stop with your first visit!

To the contrary, regular customers can look forward to enjoying consistent savings thanks to everyday deals like 20% off when you spend at least $200. Concerned about variety? Don’t be, as TrueBliss currently offers over 100 different products and up to 30 strains from which to choose.

One Leafly user called it “[the] best flower in the state” in their five-star review of the store.

“Love this place,” added another user. “I’m agoraphobic, and even on the days when I can’t face Safeway, I’m cool here due to the friendly (and diverse) vibes.”

9949 E. Apache Trail, Mesa — Medical
⭐ ⭐ ⭐ ⭐ 4.7 star rating out of 1802 dispensary reviews

Good news! Mesa’s Health for Life is now licensed for both medical and recreational sales. But Health for Life’s dedication to the health and well-being of patients isn’t going anywhere. Long a cornerstone of this East Mesa shop, their commitment to doing good continues through an active charity of the month donation campaign as well frequent deals aimed at putting smiles as wide as the Grand Canyon on the face of every customer.

“My favorite dispensary in the East Valley,” proclaimed a Leafly user in a five-star review.

“This place is amazing,” wrote another user. “They have great product and excellent service.”

Selection Criteria for Leafly List

To calculate the highest-rated dispensaries in Arizona, our Leafly List team uses a methodology based on quantitative and qualitative review data of dispensaries listed on Leafly, as well as other quality indicators, like reorder rates and deals availability (in markets where discounts are legal). Our teams are dedicated to showcasing a wide variety of highly-rated medical and recreational dispensaries.

Remember, if you don’t see your favorite dispensary on the list, make sure you follow, rate, and review your favorite cannabis locations to let the world know where you find your favorite cannabis.

Zack Ruskin

Zack Ruskin is a freelance cannabis and culture reporter. His other bylines include the San Francisco Chronicle, The Nib, Vanity Fair, California Leaf Magazine and Variety. Follow him on Twitter: @zackruskin.

View Zack Ruskin’s articles