Bonus Episode: Investigating the ‘fentanyl-laced weed’ myth

Bonus Episode: Investigating the ‘fentanyl-laced weed’ myth

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Leafly’s East Coast Editor Calvin Stovall talks with Bruce about his six-month investigation into the myth of fentanyl-laced marijuana: How the myth started, why it’s not true, why it continues, and what we can do to stop it.

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The Roll-Up: Leafly’s weekly cannabis news and culture podcast

Every Friday the Roll-Up crew—Bruce Barcott, Alyssa Yeoman, and Hannah Staton—dissect the week’s top cannabis stories and take a deep dive into a single issue. It’s a news and culture podcast, slightly elevated.

Subscribe for free on iTunes or Stitcher.

Got feedback? Bring it: therollup@leafly.com. Want more? Hit us up on Twitter: @therollup.

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Leafly Podcasts bring the latest in cannabis news, products, and culture directly to your ears each week. Subscribe to The Roll-Up, What Are You Smoking?, The Hash, and The High Life on podcast outlets like iTunes, Spotify, and beyond.

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Pennsylvania Bill Gives Medical Cannabis Patients DUI Protection

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Pennsylvania medical cannabis patients would receive some protection from being convicted for driving under the influence if a bill making its way through the state legislature is passed and signed into law by Governor Tom Wolf. The measure, Senate Bill 167, was approved last week by the Senate Transportation Committee with a vote of 13-0.

If approved, the legislation sponsored by state Senator Camera Bartolotta would eliminate Pennsylvania’s zero-tolerance policy for THC, which has been used without proof of impairment to penalize drivers who are registered medicinal cannabis patients.

“Senate Bill 167 is critically needed to protect the medical cannabis community as the penalties for a controlled substance significantly escalate,” Bartolotta told the Transportation Committee before last week’s vote.

Pennsylvania has more than 700,000 registered patients who have qualified to use medicinal cannabis since the medical marijuana program launched in 2018. However, the state’s zero-tolerance drug law puts patients at risk, whether they are under the influence of cannabis or not.

“Under current law, medical cannabis patients can be arrested, prosecuted, and convicted – even if they’re not impaired,” said Bartolotta. “SB167 will treat the medical cannabis patient similarly to one using a prescription narcotic by requiring proof that the motorist or patient is impaired and unable to safely operate a motor vehicle.”

Jailed for a Broken Taillight in Pennsylvania

State Senator Wayne Langerholc, the chair of the Senate Transportation Committee, said that under the state’s current DUI legislation, medicinal cannabis patients who are pulled over by police for something as innocuous as a broken taillight could be given a ticket simply because they have a medical marijuana identification card.

“I’ve read through a lot of different law review articles on this and … I think this kind of takes a novel approach, maybe a groundbreaking approach to address this,” Langerholc said.

Pittsburgh criminal defense lawyer Patrick Nightingale told lawmakers at a legislative hearing held in September that medical cannabis patients are in jeopardy of losing their driver’s license or being put behind bars simply by getting behind the wheel.

“We’re only three years into this [medical marijuana] program and these patients presumably are going to be using medical cannabis for the rest of their lives,” he said. “They’re going to have a number two DUI come up pretty soon and a number three DUI where they are looking at a year incarceration for using medication that the state said is 100% fine to use.”

Bartolotta noted that the state’s zero-tolerance policy is not typical around the country. She said that 33 states, including some that have not legalized access to medical cannabis, require proof of impairment for a DUI conviction. Only 12 states, including Pennsylvania, have zero-tolerance laws for specific substances including THC.

At the committee hearing, Bartolotta emphasized that the legislation does not “give patients a free pass to drive while impaired by medical cannabis. The impaired motorist or patient shall, if convicted, suffer the most serious consequences under our DUI laws.”

Langerholc, a former prosecutor, agreed, noting that “they will be held accountable the same way an individual that was using [cannabis] without any proper prescription would be.”

In a departure from the usual law enforcement stance on legislation to reform cannabis laws, the state police are not opposed to the bill being considered by lawmakers.

“The Pennsylvania State Police remains committed to removing impaired drivers from our commonwealth’s highways to reduce crashes, and the injuries and fatalities that they cause,” Maj. Robert J. Krol Jr., director of the PSP Bureau of Patrol, told the Transportation Committee. “That said, we believe from our review of SB167, that it generally does not have a negative impact on highway safety as it relates to providing an exception for medical marijuana.”

With last week’s approval by the Transportation Committee, the legislation now heads to the full Senate for consideration.

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Is Delta-9 THC Right for You?

Is Delta-9 THC Right for You?

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delta-9 thc info

While some states have clamped down on the production and sales of Delta-9 THC products, they are still legal in many states. As a result, you might be curious about what the shopping experience might be like for you and how you can secure the best products for your needs. 

Before you jump into the purchase of Delta-9 gummies, chocolate, and other sweet treats, take a moment to consider the following points. You might then be able to make your purchase with much more confidence. 

Check Dispensary Websites

Whether you’ve decided to try Delta 9 today or another day, you’ve likely been thinking about the best places to buy your preferred products from. When you’re shopping for the first time, it’s unlikely that you’ll have a list of trusted stockists. 

However, that doesn’t mean you can’t build up a list through research. There are thousands of dispensaries throughout the United States, which means you’re bound to find at least a few standout options online with high-quality websites. 

Visit high-ranking dispensary sites through your preferred search engine and look for features that point to those dispensaries being trustworthy. For example, if you can identify a padlock in the browser bar, you can rest assured that the site owners take site security seriously. 

Pay attention to the design and build quality of the website, how detailed the product descriptions are, and whether plenty of dispensary information is present to learn more about who is offering the products.  The more you can learn from each website, the easier you might find it to make an informed decision. 

Look for Third-Party Lab Reports

Most people don’t look for scientific reports when purchasing anything online, but it’s something worth considering when the time comes to buy Delta-9 products for the first time. Lab reports can detail the contents of the products you’re purchasing, the CBD and THC levels, and any additional cannabinoids, toxins, and terpenes. 

This information can be crucial for your peace of mind when you’re trying to determine a product’s safety before purchase. If you can’t find lab reports on the websites of dispensaries you’re planning to purchase from, you’re within your rights to request them. If you’re unable to secure one, consider shopping with a trusted dispensary with this information readily available. 

Research Your Product Options

Buying Delta-9 products for the first time can be overwhelming, especially when you see the wide range of options at your disposal. While you might already know that you want to try gummies, it’s easy to be lured in by the prospect of delectable chocolate, baked goods, and even lollipops. 

To avoid being overwhelmed by the selection, consider your reasons for purchasing Delta-9 products in the first place and the environments in which you’ll be consuming them. Gummies and lollipops come in convenient packaging and are practical options for eating in a variety of settings. They are also compact enough to pop into a backpack to transport from one location to another. 

If you simply want to treat yourself to something with Delta-9 to satisfy your sweet tooth, chocolate or even peanut butter nuggets might be more to your liking. 

Consider Reputation

Word of mouth counts for a lot amongst consumers, and most people would much prefer to buy goods and services from businesses that others trust over those they don’t. Before you make your purchase, take a moment to read reviews and testimonials from genuine customers. 

Usually, you can find this information on search engines like Google, along with social media platforms like Facebook. If your friends and family members use Delta-9 products, you might even be able to rely on them for dispensary recommendations. 

Review Doses

Dosages are one of the most crucial considerations when choosing a new dispensary and Delta-9 products. Too much Delta-9 THC, and you might not enjoy your experience, but too little, and you might not have much of an experience at all. 

Currently, manufacturers and dispensaries can produce and stock Delta-9 THC products containing up to 0.3% THC dry weight. However, this can be challenging to put into serving size terms when you start shopping. Pay close attention to the milligram strength per gummy, rather than just per serving or container, as some are manufactured to be stronger than others for a more intense user experience. 

Check Out Dietary Requirements

If you have any specific dietary requirements, such as gluten-free, vegan, or dairy-free, you likely always check the packaging of any food products you purchase. Delta-9 THC products should be no different. 

Pay close attention to the ingredients listed on each product’s packaging and any claims they’re making. For example, some Delta-9 products contain no gelatin and are vegan-friendly, while others have no gluten or artificial sugars. 

How to Try Delta-9 THC Products for the First Time

After conducting plenty of research to have complete confidence in your purchasing decision, you might be ready to consume a gummy, lollipop, or piece of chocolate containing Delta-9 THC for the first time. Here are a few tips that might enhance your experience. 

Start Small

As tempting as it can be to consume more than one delectable gummy at a time, it’s essential to start small as a beginner. Everyone’s sensitivity levels are different, meaning how you’re affected by Delta-9 THC might differ from how someone else is. 

Consider cutting one gummy into quarters and starting with one quarter at a time. You might then like to work your way up to a whole gummy as you become familiar with your own bodily sensations. Most dispensary owners also recommend consuming no more than one gummy in a 24-hour period. 

Take Your Time

You might have heeded dispensary workers’ recommendations to cut your gummy into quarters and consume one quarter at a time, but you might not know how long you’re supposed to wait between each quarter. 

Start with one quarter, and if you don’t notice the effects you thought you would, you will know that you can consume half of a gummy next time. Repeat this process until you reach a comfortable level. For some people, that’s half a gummy; for others, it’s an entire gummy. 

Purchasing Delta-9 products for the first time can be a daunting process, and it can take some time to find a stockist you trust and a product you’re comfortable with. However, through research and with time, you can be well on your way to a memorable purchasing experience. 

 

MORE ON DELTA-9 THC, READ MORE…

DELTA-9 DELTA-10

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN DELTA-9 AND DELTA-10 THC?

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Latest Studies Prove That Cannabis is Indeed Effective for Anxiety and Depression

Latest Studies Prove That Cannabis is Indeed Effective for Anxiety and Depression

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cannabis for anxiety

According to the World Health Organization, over 280 million people around the world struggle with depression. Meanwhile, the WHO estimates that around 264 million people have anxiety.

 

Then there are also those who struggle with both.

 

While many of us occasionally feel temporary anxiety and depression due to certain events in life, for these millions of people, these mental health disorders can be so overwhelming and debilitating. It can rob us of our quality of life, preventing us from living healthy social lives, maintaining relationships, keeping a job, having stable income, and so much more.

 

Those that can afford it undertake therapy with licensed psychiatrists and psychologists, while those that are in need of help for more serious anxiety and depression have to turn to medications. Prescription drugs such as serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are among the first line of defense for anxiety and depression, including anti-depressant medications. While they can work for many people, they often have terrible side effects that are well known about – enough to make people want to quit them altogether.

 

These include, but are not limited to:

 

  • Diarrhea or constipation

  • Dry mouth

  • Tremors

  • Weight gain

  • Nausea

  • Headaches

  • Insomnia

  • Fatigue

 

And so much more.

Why Cannabis is Best for Anxiety and Depression

 

Over the past few years, there has been an increase in studies proving the efficacy of marijuana for treating anxiety and depression without the side effects of pharmaceutical drugs.

 

Patients who have been using cannabis for anxiety and depression report significant improvements as well. In one recent survey in Canada, more than 7,000 patients who had access to medical marijuana and to a licensed MMJ clinic in the country, were polled. The authors said that there were “statistically significant improvements” when they compared the baseline to follow up scores of anxiety and depression for at least one year.

 

“To our knowledge, this study is the largest completed to date examining the impact of medical cannabis use on anxiety and depression outcomes utilizing longitudinal data and validated questionnaires,” said the study authors.

 

“It provides evidence on the effectiveness of medical cannabis as a treatment for anxiety and depression that otherwise is not currently available, demonstrating that patients who seek treatment with medical cannabis for anxiety and depression can experience clinically significant improvements. This study offers reasonable justification for the completion of large clinical trials to further the understanding of medical cannabis as a treatment for anxiety and depression,” they concluded.

 

In summary, the findings showed that patients can expect long-term relief from anxiety and depression when medicating with cannabis.

 

There are also some studies suggesting that anxiety and depression patients are better off with CBD products as compared to THC for treating their conditions.

 

One study from 2021, conducted by researchers at the John Hopkins University in Baltimore as well as investigators from Charleston’s University of South Carolina, involved analyzing patterns among depression and anxiety symptoms that were self-reported by a group of cannabis users and non-users. Most of the participants in the study were aware of the cannabinoid composition of products they consumed, saying most of them consumed cannabis dominant in CBD.

 

“Initiation of medicinal cannabis during the follow-up period of the study was associated with significantly decreased anxiety and depressive symptoms, an effect that was not observed in controls that never initiated cannabis use…. Adverse effects attributed by participants to cannabis product use were infrequent, were more associated with THC-dominant product use,” the authors wrote.

 

Whereas higher doses of pharmaceutical drugs may be recommended for patients struggling with severe episodes or treatment-resistant conditions, with cannabis, one may only need a small amount in order to cope.

 

Such is the findings of a 2021 study conducted by Realm of Caring, a non-profit organization that is dedicated to researching cannabis. The findings, which were published in Frontiers in Psychiatry, were gathered after assessing data from the organization’s Observational Research Registry (ORR). They found that individuals who used CBD products on their own, or those who continued to use them during follow up, reported great improvements in anxiety and depression symptoms. Aside from that, they also reported that they had better sleep and suffered from less pain compared to those who weren’t consuming CBD.

 

“The biggest misconception this study addresses is that CBD doses need to be between 400-600mg before positive psychiatric effects can be achieved,” says Dr. Nicolas Schlienz, Realm of Caring’s Research Director. “We observed positive effects in people taking an average of only about 60mg per day, 1/10 of that dose,” he said.  

 

There was also another study from earlier this year, in January 2022, wherein findings from an open-label and randomized trial conducted by Advancing CBD Education and Sciences (ACES) published results of participants who purchased over-the-counter CBD products. According to MedScape, they found “clinically meaningful” improvements when it came to anxiety as well as sleep quality and pain.

 

“ACES is the largest clinical trial ever conducted on commercially available CBD products and provides first-of-its-kind real world evidence into what conditions users may experience benefit from CBD usage, whether these benefits are clinically meaningful, what attributes of CBD products may impact health outcomes, and what side effects may occur,” said Jessica Saleska, PhD, MPH, the study’s co-researcher and Radicle Science director of research.

 

Ethan Russo, MD, Radicle’s scientific advisor and a neurologist, as well as CEO and founder of CReDO Science, explains further that the study intended to advise consumers make knowledgeable decisions before buying commercially available CBD products.

 

Conclusion

 

CBD products are readily available for consumers throughout the country. Because of its safety profile, it’s an excellent way to mitigate everyday anxiety and depression. However, be cautious about mixing them if you are already taking prescription medications from a psychiatrist as there may be unwanted side effects.

 

MEDICAL MARIJUANA FOR ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION, READ MORE…

DEPRSSION AND MARIJUANA

MEDICAL CANNABIS FOR DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY TAKES OFF!

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Make no mistake, marijuana edibles are legal now in Minnesota

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ST. PAUL, Minn. — A new Minnesota law that took effect Friday allows people 21 and older to buy edibles and beverages that contain a limited amount of THC, the ingredient in marijuana that creates a high. 

Legislators tried to regulate delta-8 THC. They legalized delta-9 THC instead. Bank error in your favor!

Edibles, like gummies, and beverages can contain up to 5 milligrams of THC per serving and 50 milligrams per package under the law. Five milligrams is about half the standard dose found in recreational marijuana products in other states.

Under the law, new THC products must be derived from legally certified hemp. But, industry experts say 5 milligrams will produce the same effect whether it’s derived from hemp or marijuana, the Star Tribune reported. 

“This stuff will get you high, no doubt about it,” said attorney Jason Tarasek, founder of the Minnesota Cannabis Law firm and a board member of the Minnesota Cannabis Association. “Everybody’s calling it hemp-derived THC, which makes it sound like something other than marijuana. But I went on social media and I called it adult-use marijuana, because that’s what most people are going to consider this to be.”

Related

Cannabis-infused edibles 101: what to know about dosing, potency, and labeling

How did this happen?

Apparently, in their zeal to regulate hemp-derived cannabis products containing compounds like delta-8 THC and THC-O, Minnesota state legislators passed a bill earlier this year that inadvertently legalized edibles containing delta-9 THC. That bill took effect as state law on July 1.

Delta-9 THC is what most people refer to when they say THC. It’s the compound that naturally occurs in cannabis, and is intoxicating when smoked.

Hemp, by legal definition, contains less than 0.3% delta-9 THC by weight. So in order to obtain delta-9 THC from hemp, processors must undertake a number of steps to first extract CBD from hemp, and then convert that CBD into delta-9 THC.

Hemp itself is federally legal, and is also legal in Minnesota.

Hemp stores are selling it now

Steven Brown, CEO of Nothing But Hemp, said he will begin selling a dozen new THC products Friday at his six Minnesota retail stores, with a few dozen more rolling out over the next month.

“In some ways, we legalized cannabis,” Brown said.

Nothing But Hemp operates stores in Minneapolis, St. Paul, Forest Lake, Maplewood Mall, White Bear Lake, Cloquet, and Chaska.

This pop-up appeared on the Nothing But Hemp website over the weekend:

consumer-warning-sign
The six Nothing But Hemp stores became de facto cannabis edible outlets on Friday morning. (via Nothingbuthemp.net)

Gov. Walz: You passed it, now wear it

Cannabis advocates say they’re surprised the law passed the Minnesota Legislature given Senate Republicans’ opposition to recreational marijuana legalization. Republicans blocked a bill to legalize cannabis earlier this year.

The Star Tribune has reported that Republican state Sen. Jim Abeler, chair of the Senate Human Services Reform Finance and Policy Committee, says he didn’t realize the new law would legalize edibles with delta-9 THC. He thought it was only regulating hemp-derived delta-8 THC products.

Abeler reportedly wants to repeal the new law. But Democratic Gov. Tim Walz and the Democrat-controlled House are in favor of cannabis legalization. So there may be some interesting negotiations happening in the near future.

Where to find products this weekend

If you’re interested in taking advantage of the legislature’s screwup, here’s a list of Nothing But Hemp store locations:

hemp-store-locations

Take it easy out there

And remember: Start low, go slow. Eat only one edible, then wait for the effects to kick in. It could take up to an hour. For adults who haven’t experienced the effects of edibles before, a single 5 mg gummy can be surprisingly potent.

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